SEMANTIC

 What is semantic?

semantic is how they understand others and their interpretations. In addition, semantics constructs a relation between adjoining words and clarifies the sense of a sentence, whether the meanings of words are literal or figurative.

semantic based on experts:

Nikelas (1988 : 23) in Pakpahan (2005 : 14) says “Meaning id a complex phenomenon involving relationship between a language and the mind ofits speakers and practical use to which it is put.”By paying attention to the definition above, the word “meaning” has a numberdifferent notions and varieties since speakers, in expressing their ideas, minds,feeling, use a word to mean something different from what it denotes.
2.6 Varieties Meaning
The experts of language have classified meaning from different point ofview based on their deliberations. Those varieties of meaning can be explained inthe following explantions.

Leech’s Seven Types of Meaning

Leech (1981 : 8-23) has defined seven types of meanong. The seven typesof meaning are as follows:
1.Conceptual Meaning is logical, cognitive or denotative contentFor examples:House : a building made for people to live inHorse : a kind of animal which has four legs, a mane and a tail.

2.Conotative meaning is the communicative value and an expression has bythe virtue of what it refers to to over and above its peurely conceptualcontent. And it includes not only physical characteristic, but also social properties and psychologycal.For examples:
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The word “red” has the conotation of
brave
and the word “black” has theconotation of
 magic, evil or fear.

3.Social meaning is a piece of language conveys about the socialcircumstances of it use. It is connected with the situation in which anutterance is uttered.For examples:The word ‘horse, steed and hag’ have the same conceptual meaning but theconvey different social circumstances of their use.Horse (general)Steed (poetic)Hag (slang)

4.Affective meaning is meaning that expresses the personal feelings orattitude of the speakers or the writers.For example:I’m very glad to hear your voice, but I wonder if you would be so kindas to lower your voices a little.

5.Reflected meaning is the meaning that arises in case of multipleconceptual meaning when one sense of a word forms part of our responseto another sense.For example:

6. Collocative meaning consists of the association of a word acquires onaccount of themeanings of words which tend to occur in its environment.For example:
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The word ‘handsome’ and ‘beautiful’ have commom ground in themeaning ‘good looking’. The word ‘handsome’ refers to man and‘beautiful’ refers to woman.

7. Thematic meaning means what is communicated by the way in which aspeaker or writer organizes the message in terms of ordering, focus andemphasis. It is usually applied in the use of acctive and passive forms.For example:1.

She likes orange juice the most2.

Orange juice she like the most3.

It’s orange juice that she likes the mos